Goa has at least 19 industrial estates spread across the State, with several industries discharging liquid effluents into rivers, streams and lakes. It is therefore essential that all such effluents undergo thorough treatment before discharge to prevent pollution of our water bodies.
Industries must strictly maintain prescribed standards for pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD), while ensuring that soluble and suspended pollutants are removed. Sewage treatment plants must also function effectively, as untreated sewage is already contributing to the pollution of several rivers. Industrial effluents can contain synthetic pollutants as well as inorganic and organic compounds containing heavy metals such as mercury, arsenic, lead and chromium. These toxic substances can be absorbed by fish, clams, crustaceans and other aquatic life and eventually enter the human food chain, potentially causing serious health problems. The Goa State Pollution Control Board (GSPCB) must therefore strictly monitor effluent discharges from every industry and ensure compliance with environmental standards. Protecting Goa’s rivers from toxic metals, chemicals and untreated sewage is essential not only for the environment but also for public health.
STEPHEN DIAS, Dona Paula
