He created a charitable empire out of nothing, masterminding Pakistan's largest welfare organisation. Today Abdul Sattar Edhi is revered by many as a national hero. Content with just two sets of clothes, he sleeps in a windowless room of white tiles adjoining the office of his charitable foundation. Sparsely equipped: it has just one bed, a sink and a hotplate. "He never established a home for his own children," says his wife Bilquis, who manages the foundation's homes for women and children.
What he has established is something of a safety net for Pakistan's poor and destitute, mobilising the nation to donate and help take action -- filling a gap left by a lack of welfare state. Edhi has been nominated several times for the Nobel Peace Prize, and appears on the list again this year -- put there by Malala Yousafzai, Pakistan's teenage Nobel laureate.
Edhi, born to a family of Muslim traders in Gujarat, arrived in Pakistan after its bloody creation in 1947. "He thought that this new Muslim nation would be a social welfare state," says his son Faisal. But, when they got to Pakistan, he found "it was the exact opposite". The state's failure to help his struggling family care for his mother -- paralysed and suffering from mental health issues -- was his painful and decisive turning point towards philanthropy.
In the sticky streets in the heart of Karachi, Edhi, full of idealism and hope, opened his first clinic in 1951. "Social welfare was my vocation, I had to free it," he says in his autobiography, "A Mirror To The Blind". Motivated by a spiritual quest for justice, over the years Edhi and his team have created maternity wards, morgues, orphanages, shelters, and homes for the elderly -- all aimed at helping those in society who cannot help themselves. The most prominent symbols of the foundation -- its 1,500 ambulances -- are deployed with unusual efficiency to the scene of terrorist attacks that tear through Pakistan with devastating regularity.
But its ethos of humanitarianism transcending religious and ethnic lines while empowering the masses, has made it the target of many ferocious smear campaigns. Hardliners have branded him an infidel and his work un-Islamic. Edhi's response has been hard work and an obstinate asceticism, a bid to leave his enemies with no ammunition. The annual budget of 1.5 billion rupees, mainly from donations by middle- and working-class Pakistanis, continues to grow, according to Faisal, despite criticism from fundamentalist groups eager to snatch such support for themselves.
Abandoned children and the elderly, battered women, the disabled, drug addicts; Edhi's foundation now houses some 5,700 people in 17 shelters across the country. It employs around 3,000 people, many of whom were former residents. The project Bilquis Edhi is most proud of is the baby cradles adoption service. In the early days of his work, as Edhi cruised the streets in his ambulance, he was made desperate by the number of infant corpses he came across, many believed abandoned. Now the foundation has before each centre a large cradle bearing the inscription: "Do not kill innocent babies, leave them in our cradle". The initiative has earned Edhi further attacks by Islamist extremists who accuse him of promoting extra-marital sex in the conservative Muslim country.
But Bilquis proudly displays photos of now-grown women who are now graduates of prestigious universities. Several thousand children -- the vast majority of them girls -- left in the cradles over the last four decades have been housed by Edhi centres and adopted, she says. Now frail and weak, Edhi says he is unable to manage his kingdom. He appointed his son Faisal as managing trustee in early 2016. "I have done a lot of work. I am satisfied with my life," the patriarch sighs. "He is my hero," says Faisal, adding that stepping into his father's humble but mighty shoes is a "great responsibility". "We still have so much to do."
