The public has largely become “social media reporters”, a phenomenon known as citizen journalism. With smartphones in almost every pocket, ordinary citizens are often the first to capture and share breaking news, local incidents and eyewitness footage, long before traditional news crews arrive. This has changed the media landscape and increased public awareness of journalism, but it is also a double-edged sword. Most citizen reporters lack training to verify facts, cross-check sources or understand legal boundaries before publishing or sharing videos. Unchecked rumours, mislabelled old footage and sophisticated AI-generated deepfakes can spread rapidly. Content on TikTok and Instagram is often presented as “breaking news” but is actually opinion-based commentary.
Unlike established media organisations, individual social media users are rarely subject to strict ethical standards or legal scrutiny. Evidence-based reporting on social media is a must. For the first time, social media has overtaken television as the leading source of news for Americans. According to a report, 54% access news through social media and video networks, compared with 50% through TV news and 48% through news websites and apps. Nowadays, veteran journalists from traditional newsrooms have also moved to video-based social media and started their own news channels, giving them greater freedom to express their views. YouTube news creators and young influencers are increasingly popular. Influencers such as Dhruv Rathee, with millions of YouTube subscribers, were particularly popular during the general elections. This is an awakening in modern journalism, driven by the people.
Rajesh Banaulikar, Arpora
